Sechinhu chakakosha muindasitiri yemazuva ano uye zvivakwa, iyo dhizaini yekuseri kwespiral simbi mapaipi inopfuura kungounganidza "tubular zvivakwa." Panzvimbo iyoyo, inosanganisira yakarongeka yeinjiniya nzira inobatanidza zvinhu zvesainzi, misimboti yemakina, maitiro ekugadzira, uye zvinodiwa zvekushandisa. Kubva pane zvinodikanwa zvekupikiswa kwemafuta uye gasi pombi kusvika kune zvinodikanwa zvekuramba zvemabhiriji mabhesi kusvika pakuchinjika kwenzvimbo yezvivakwa zvekuvaka, dhizaini yemapombi esimbi inotenderera inogara ichitenderera pazvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha: "kushanda kuchinjika," "kuvimbika kwechimiro," uye "hupfumi hwekugadzira," kuwedzera kukosha kuburikidza nechiyero chine simba.
I. Basa-Yakanangana: Kutsanangura "Basic Parameters" Kubva pane Zvinodiwa
Nhanho yekutanga mu spiral simbi pombi dhizaini ndeye "kunyatso ziva iyo application." Nzvimbo dzekushandisa dzakasiyana dzinoisa zvinodikanwa zvakasiyana pakuita kwepombi dzesimbi. Mapombi emafuta negasi anofanirwa kushingirira kumanikidzwa kukuru (kazhinji Kukura kupfuura kana kuenzana ne6 MPa) uye kuramba kuonda kubva mukati me media (senge sulfide stress corrosion kubva kune yakashapa isina mafuta). Naizvozvo, zvakakosheswa pakugadzira zvinosanganisira ukobvu hwemadziro (uchishandisa hydrostatic test kuti utarise ukobvu hwemadziro), emukati anti-corrosion linings (senge 3PE coating kana epoxy poda coating), uye weld kuneta simba. Nerumwe rutivi, pombi dzesimbi dzespiral dzinoshandiswa mukuvaka (zvakadai sezvitsigiro zvebhiriji zvenguva pfupi kana nhengo dzespatial truss) dzinoisa simbiso huru pamuchinjiko-inobata kubhenda uye kuramba kutsvuka), kurapwa kwepamusoro (anti-pendi yekupisa kana kupisa{9}}dip galvanbility kana kubatana kwekubatana) groove design).
Iyi "inoda-yekutanga" magadzirirwo emaitiro anoshandura "functional objectives" kuita quantifiable parameters. Semuyenzaniso, mumapurojekiti akareba-ekufambiswa kwemafuta negasi kure, vagadziri vanoshandisa madimikira ekuyeresa kuverengera kuparadzirwa kwemukati mupombi. Tichifunga nezvemamiriro ejoloji (akadai sekugara kwenheyo munzvimbo dzepermafrost kana kuwedzera kwemafuta uye kuderera munzvimbo dzerenje), vanosarudza iyo inobvumirwa hoop stress renji yepombi yesimbi. Pakupedzisira, vanowana hurefu hunodiwa hwekutonga kwe spiral welds (kazhinji Zvishoma pane kana kuenzana ne 2mm kuderedza kushungurudzika), iyo yakakwana yeyero yepombi dhayamita kusvika kumadziro emadziro (somuenzaniso, DN1000 pombi inowanzove nemadziro e8-16mm), uye kunyange huremu hwakarurama pamamita (kudzivisa kudarika-kupfuura kutakura).
II. Structural Intelligence: Iyo Mechanical Chakavanzika cheSpiral Kugadzira
Musiyano mukuru pakati pespiral steel pombi nesight seam steel pombi uri mukugadzira kwayo "spiral continuous welding" magadzirirwo-marata esimbi anomonererwa uye anonamatwa achitevedza mutsara unotenderera kuti ugadzire pombi. Iyi nzira pachayo inosanganisira hungwaru hwemaitiro mechanics dhizaini.
Kubva pakuona kwemuchina, spiral weld inomhanya pane imwe kona (kazhinji 50℃-75℃) kune akiso yepombi. Iyi "oblique load" hunhu inovimbisa kuwedzera yunifomu yekushushikana kugovera munzvimbo yeweld kana ichiiswa mukati mekumanikidzwa. Kana ichienzaniswa nepiipi yesimbi yakatwasuka (apo musono we weld uri perpendicular kune axial direction, zviri nyore kuita stress concentration), spiral simbi pombi inokwanisa kuwedzera 15%-20% yekuwedzera circumferential load{10}inotakura simba (yakayerwa data). Izvi zvinoita kuti inyanyokodzere mahombe-dhayamita (DN1200 zvichikwira) nemapaipi anotsikirira kureba. Uyezve, iyo spiral yekugadzira maitiro inochengetedza kuenderera kwefiber kwesimbi ndiro (kusiyana neyakatwasuka seam simbi pombi, inoda kureba kucheka uye kupatsanurwa kwendiro yesimbi), zvakanyanya kunatsiridza kukanganisa kwese kupikisa uye kuneta hupenyu.
Sarudzo yehelix angle inodawo kutariswa panguva yekugadzira. Iyo kona diki yakawandisa ichaita kuti zviome kurongedza mipendero yesimbi panguva yekugadzira (ichikanganisa weld mhando), nepo kona yakakura kwazvo inowedzera mutoro pamushini wekutenderedza ndiro uye kuderedza radial kuomarara kwepombi. Mainjiniya anowanzo shandisa finite element ongororo (FEA) kuteedzera kugovera kushushikana pamakona akasiyana ehelix kuti pakupedzisira vaone iyo yakakwana angle renji inova nechokwadi chese kuumba kunyatsoshanda uye kusimba kwesimba zvinodiwa.
III. Manufacturing Adaptation: Kuvandudza Kugadzirwa mukati meZvipingamupinyi
Dhizaini haigone kurambwa kubva kune chaiyo yekugadzira. Iyo yekugadzira pfungwa ye spiral simbi pombi inofanira kusanganisira kunyatso funga nezve process feasibility. Semuenzaniso, kusarudzwa kwesimbi ndiro mbishi zvinhu zvinofanira kuenzanisa simba uye weldability. Nepo simbi yakakwira-yakasimba yepombi (yakaita seX80) ichigona kuderedza ukobvu hwemadziro nekudaro mitengo yezvinhu, yakaenzana nekabhoni yakaenzana inoda kudzora kwakasimba kwekupisa panguva yewelding (kunzvenga kutsemuka kunotonhora). Naizvozvo, yakafara "welding process hwindo" inochengeterwa panguva yekugadzira (semuenzaniso, nekuwedzera ukobvu hwegorofu blunt edge kana kugadzirisa ikozvino uye voltage paramita).
Pamusoro pezvo, zvirango zvekufambisa zvepaipi hombe-yakaita spiral simbi (somuenzaniso, dhayamita yepombi yekufambisa mugwagwa kazhinji Iri Iri pasi kana kuenzana ne3m, uye mapaipi anodarika muganhu uyu anofanira kugadzirwa muzvikamu zvozoiswa weld pa-saiti) anogonawo kukanganisa dhizaini. Kana purojekiti ichida imwe, yakawedzera-pombi refu (senge yekumahombekombe kwepuratifomu inotsigira chimiro), mugadziri anogona kusarudza "segmented spiral + flange connection" mhinduro. Nekukwenenzvera kurongeka kwegomba reflange uye kona yekuvharisa pamusoro, solution iyi inoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekufambisa uku uchiona kuti{7}}panzvimbo yesaiti nemazvo.
Chinotonyanya kukosha ndechekubatanidzwa kwe "green kugadzira" pfungwa: Mazuva ano spiral simbi pombi magadzirirwo anoisa pamberi zvinhu zvinogona kudzokororwa (seQ235B kabhoni simbi) uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimbi nekugadzirisa kukora kwemadziro (yega yega kuderedzwa kwe1mm mukukora kwemadziro, huremu pamamita hunodzikira neinosvika 6%-8%). Kudzora weld kusimbaradza hakungokanganisa kugovera kwekushushikana chete asi zvakare kunoderedza huwandu hwekukuya hunodiwa panguva inotevera yeanti-corrosion coating application, zvisina kunanga kuderedza kabhoni emissions.
Mhedziso: Injiniya Philosophy muDynamic Balance
Dhizaini yespiral simbi pombi inzira yekuwana mhinduro yakakwana pakati pe "zvinoda kushanda," "kuchengetedzwa kwemaitiro," uye "mutengo wekugadzira." Izvi zvinoda mainjiniya kuti anyatso kudzora zvinhu zvemukati (semuenzaniso, kuziva simba regoho reQ345B simbi i345 MPa, inoenderana nekushushikana kunobvumidzwa kune akasiyana madziro ukobvu), pamwe nekunzwisisa kwakadzama kwemaitiro ekugumira (senge yakakura coil ukobvu muganho we spiral welding muchina). Uyezve, maonero e "hupenyu huzere" akakosha (kubva pakugadzira, kutakura, kuisa, kushanda nekugadzirisa).
Kana pombi yesimbi inomira painomira-kumanikidzwa kwekufambisa mugwenga pombi yemafuta negasi, ichiramba kukanganiswa kwemasaisai panheyo yemuchinjiko-pazambuko regungwa, kana kutsigira nzvimbo iri munhandare yenhandare, ndiko kupenya kwe "rational calculation" iyi uye "injiniya yehungwaru" hungave {{2}kukosha kwehungwaru} spiral simbi pombi dhizaini dhizaini: kushandisa nzira dzesainzi kuita zvikamu zvesimbi bhiriji rakavimbika rinobatanidza zvinodiwa uye chokwadi.
